Chinese Mine Explosions essays

Chinese Mine Explosions essays Three coal mine explosions occurred in China this past Wednesday, October 20. The most devastating of which happened in Xinmi, located in the province of Henan. Several gas explosions in the mine have left rescuers to find sixty four dead bodies, and still searching for eighty four more. Yahoo News and Reuters UK have reported on this incident from two differing points of view, and this comes from who they believe is responsible for the incidents. Yahoo News reports on the incidents as if they are the fault of the bosses controlling the mines. In a quote taken from Li, whose nephew was trapped in the mine, and is yet to be found says that "There was a lot of talk in the mine that the mine boss was no good. A lot of the miners did not like him." The China Labor Bulletin, a Hong Kong based human rights group says that there are over twenty thousand coal mine related deaths per year in China. They believe that the reason for this comes from the coal mining bosses's lack of attention to safety needed for the workers to operate in good conditions. The group believes that there are many fatalities that go unreported by mine bosses so that they will not be subject to penalties, and also that their mine will not be shut down. Many people have gathered outside of the Xinmi mine in hopes that they will receive some news of their family members sooner. From what Yahoo News has reported, the fault of this particular mining accident, and the other ones as well lies with the mining bosses's lack of attention to safety. Reuters UK reports on the incidents that took place on Wednesday focuses on a lot of governmental related problems that seem to have caused these deaths. China's government relies heavily on their own production of coal as a cheap way to find energy. The government puts a lot of pressure on mine workers and mine bosses to maximize their production of coal. Li Dun, a sociologist at Beijing's Qinghua University, says tha...

Calculate Mass from Density Example Problem

Calculate Mass from Density Example Problem Density is the amount of matter, or mass, per unit volume. This example problem shows how to calculate the mass of an object from a known density and volume. Simple Example (Metric Units) As an example of a simple problem, find the mass of a piece of metal that has a volume of 1.25  m3 and a density of 3.2 kg/m3. First, you should notice both the volume and the density use the volume of cubic meters. That makes the calculation easy. If the two units were not the same, youd need to convert one or the other of them so that they would be in agreement. Next, rearrange the formula for density to solve for mass. Density Mass à ·Ã‚  Volume Multiply both sides of the equation by volume to get: Density x Volume Mass or Mass Density x Volume Now, plug in the numbers to solve the problem: Mass 3.2 kg/m3 x 1.25 m3 If you see the units wont cancel out, then you know you did something wrong! If that happens, rearrange the terms until the problem works. In this example, cubic meters cancels out, leaving kilograms, which is a mass unit. Mass 4 kg Simple Example (English Units) Find the mass of a blob of water with a volume of 3 gallons. It seems easy enough, right? Most people memorize the density of water as 1... but thats in grams per cubic centimeters! Fortunately, its easy to look up the density of water in any units. Density of Water 8.34 lb/gal So, the problem becomes: Mass 8.34 lb/gal x 3 gal Mass 25 lb Problem The density of gold is 19.3 grams per cubic centimeter. What is the mass of a bar of gold in kilograms that measures 6 inches x 4 inches x 2 inches? Solution Density is equal to the mass divided by the volume.D m/VwhereD densitym massV volumeWe have the density and enough information to find the volume in the problem. All that remains is to find the mass. Multiply both sides of this equation by the volume, V and get:m DVNow we need to find the volume of the gold bar. The density we have been given is in grams per cubic centimeter but the bar is measured in inches. First we must convert the inch measurements to centimeters.Use the conversion factor of 1 inch 2.54 centimeters.6 inches 6 inches x 2.54 cm/1 inch 15.24 cm.4 inches 4 inches x 2.54 cm/1 inch 10.16 cm.2 inches 2 inches x 2.54 cm/1 inch 5.08 cm.Multiply all three of these numbers together to get the volume of the gold bar.V 15.24 cm x 10.16 cm x 5.08 cmV 786.58 cm3Place this into the formula above:m DVm 19.3 g/cm3 x 786.58 cm3m 14833.59 gramsThe answer we want is the mass of the gold bar in kilograms. There are 1000 grams in 1 kilogram, so:mass in kg mass in g x 1 kg/1000 gmass in kg 14833.59 g x 1 kg/1000 gmass in kg 14.83 kg. Answer The mass of the gold bar in kilograms measuring 6 inches x 4 inches x 2 inches is 14.83 kilograms. Tips for Success The biggest problem students make when solving for mass is not setting up the equation correctly. Remember, mass equals density multiplied by volume. This way, the units for volume cancel out, leaving the units for mass.Be sure the units used for volume and density work together. In this example, mixed metric and English units were intentionally used to show how to convert between units.Volume units, in particular, can be tricky. Remember, when you determine volume, you need to apply the correct formula. Summary of Density Formulas Remember, you can arrange one formula to solve for mass, density, or volume. Here are the three equations to use: Mass Density x VolumeDensity Mass  Ãƒ · VolumeVolume Mass  Ãƒ ·Ã‚  Density Learn More For more example problems, use the Worked Chemistry Problems. It contains over a hundred different worked example problems useful for chemistry students. This density example problem shows how to calculate the density of a material when the mass and volume are known.This example problem shows how to find the density of an ideal gas when given the molecular mass, pressure, and temperature.This example problem shows the steps necessary to convert inches to centimeters. Source CRC Press Handbook of Tables for Applied Engineering Science, 2nd Edition, 1976, Table 1-59.

Company Analysis of the Walt Disney Company (DIS) Term Paper

Company Analysis of the Walt Disney Company (DIS) - Term Paper Example It later diversified into productions of live film streaming, travel and television networks; changing its name to Walt Disney Company in 1986. The then existing operations of the Walt Disney company were expanded alongside the developing several divisions of publishing, music, theatre, online media and radio. The Walt Disney Company has developed other divisions that help in the marketing of mature contents  as opposed to the previously marketed family oriented flagships that forms part of its vast revenue. Walt Disney studio is well recognized for the film products it produces, earning a place and recognition at the Hollywood. The film studio is the largest in America. Other American divisions operated by Walt Disney Company include Disney channel; a cable television network, ABC broadcast Television network, A+E Networks, ESPN, and ABC family. It also owns a number of theatres, merchandising and publishing corporations plus 14 theme parks all over the globe all of which it is li censed to undertake. Since the year 1991, Walt Disney has been a component of Dow Jones Industrial (Schaffer et al 2009). Its early cartoon creation, which is the official mascot of the Disney Company, is known as the Mickey Mouse that has starred in a number of Walt Disney produced films. Walt Disney acquired the ownership of the Marvel entertainment in December 2009 for $4.24 billion, with a deal not transform or affects any of the Marvel Company’s products and characters. In October 2009 after the replacement of Dick cook by Rich Ross, Walt Disney was put under massive restructuring. Ross was determined to increase the Company’s focus on the production of family friendly items36 (Securities Industry Foundation for Economic Education, 1997). The financial nature of the Walt Disney Company has been particularly attractive for an exceedingly long time. It has on the largest revenue base not only in the United States but also all over the world. It has continued to expa nd its divisions with among the latest acquisition being the ground breaking of Shanghai Disney Resort at a cost of $44.4 billion; expected to be opened in 2015. There are also plans underway to recruit new businesses or characters with exceptional abilities to improve on the Company’s stories and characters. It also announced in October 2012, that the Company intended to purchase Lucasfilm at a cost of $4.05 billion. Federal Trade Commission approved the merger; known as Disney-Lucasfilm in December 4 2012, giving the Company the green light to finalize the deal without the necessity of dealing with antitrust problems. In general, the Company is a five primary segments and units that include the Walt Disney Studios, Media networks, parks and resorts, studio entertainment and Disney consumer products such as clothing, toys and other Disney-owned property merchandise. Walt Disney Company Financial statement between 2009 and 2012 Currency in Millions of US Dollars As of: Oct 02 2010 Oct 01 2011 Sep 29 2012 Revenues TOTAL REVENUES Cost of Goods Sold GROSS PROFIT OPERATING INCOME Interest Expense Interest and Investment Income Other Non-Operating Expenses, Total Other Non-Operating Income (Expenses) Merger & Restructuring Charges Gain (Loss) on Sale of Investments Gain (Loss) on Sale of Assets Other Unusual Items, Total EBT, INCLUDING UNUSUAL ITEMS Income Tax Expense Minority Interest in Earnings Earnings from Continuing Operations NET INCOME 38,063.040 38,063.0 31,337.0 6,726.0

Rhetorical Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Rhetorical Strategies - Essay Example These error patterns are â€Å"deal breakers† – I cannot see them in your work if you want to pass the course because they demonstrate to me your inability to control your own sentences, a core skill you need to have mastered upon entering English 101A. As I’ve suggested in the past, you should be working with a tutor regularly, and you should consider (re)taking English 846 (which focuses on sentence building and communicative fluency in your writing) before attempting a course at this level again, alright? I can’t pass this work, nor do I expect to be able to pass you in the course at this point given what I’m seeing here. You may rewrite if you wish. You’ll have two weeks to submit a revision via email. Assignment & Proofreading 1/4 Thesis 2/4 Focus & Clarity 2/4 Development & Support 3/4 Language & Mechanics 1/4 Late (2 pts = -10%) -/20 Total 9/20 ________________________________ 20 = 100% A 15 = 75% C 19 = 95% A 14 = 70% C- 18 = 90% A- 1 3 = 65% D 17 = 85% B 12 = 60% D- 16 = 80% B- 11 = 55% F *Please see the Grading Rubric Explanation found within the course for a detailed description of the numbers and criteria on the grading grid each of the component marks above corresponds to. *If this essay is marked as a late submission, either because it missed its deadline or was not in an acceptable form at the time of submission, it is ineligible for the rewrite option and this grade will stand as the final mark for the essay. This policy is laid out clearly in the Course Syllabus. Please apply these grading marks and comments to your next essay work instead. Difficulties of Crossing the Line Award-winning journalist Ruben Martinez effectively demonstrates the difficulties of crossing the boundary between Mexico and America in â€Å"The Crossing†, a selection in Reading America. Martinez’ mother is from El Salvador and married to a Mexican American. His parents merge with American culture yet maintain their M exican heritage with frequent family visits to relatives in Mexico. Martinez claims both his Mexican and American backgrounds, and recalls early visits to Mexico in his story. His memories of leaping back and forth between the two counties comprise the foundation of his childhood. Through his recollections, Martinez highlights the importance of the border line as a boundary full of historical and economic heritage. Many people want to cross from Mexico to America, and the line acts like a sieve—catching some people, but letting others through. Many unpredictable events, like death, can occur to people crossing the boundary, and people’s reasons for wanting to make the journey are countless. The author recounts the story of Victor, an illegal immigrant who has diabetes. Victor is attempting to cross the border line from Mexico to America to find his sister. He hopes for a good life, and believes America can offer better treatments for his medical condition than what Mex ico can offer. The author’s memories convey the truths about crossing the border, and the difficulties of passing through it. Martinez creates pathos by telling about his experiences and those of others he met while traveling across the border. He considers himself an American today because the expansion of

Modern Business Statistics with Microsoft excel Essay Example for Free

Modern Business Statistics with Microsoft excel Essay When are you entitled to deduct interest? If you run a business in part of your home, you are entitled to deduct part of the interest on money you borrowed to buy your home if: part of your home is set aside exclusively as a place of business and is clearly identifiable as such, and that part of the home is not readily adaptable for private use, for example, a doctor’s surgery located within a doctors home. If you rent out part of your home with access to general living areas on an arm’s length basis, you are entitled to deduct part of the interest on money borrowed to buy the home (see Taxation Ruling IT 2167). In these situations you would satisfy the interest deductibility test. This means you would not obtain a full main residence exemption and so would have to pay tax on part of any capital gain made when you sell your home. You may satisfy the interest deductibility test even if you didn’t borrow money to acquire your home – you must apply it on the assumption that you did borrow money to acquire it. You also satisfy the test if you were entitled to claim a deduction for the interest, even if you didn’t actually claim the deduction. There is a special rule to work out the amount of your capital gain or loss if you first use your home to produce income in a way that satisfies the interest deductibility test after 20 August 1996. Last Modified: Tuesday, 30 June 2009 Main residence exemption the effect of using your home to produce income Where you first use your home to produce income after 20 August 1996 If you start using your home to produce income (in a way that would satisfy the interest deductibility test) for the first time after 20 August 1996, there is a special rule for working out your capital gain or loss. In this case, you are taken to have acquired your home at its market value at the time it is first used to produce income if all of the following apply: you acquired the home on or after 20 September 1985Â  you first used it to produce income after 20 August 1996 Â  you would get only a part exemption because the home was used to produce assessable income during the period you owned it, and you would have been entitled to a full exemption if you had sold the home immediately before you first used it to produce income. The effect of this rule applying is that the period before the home is first used by you to produce income is not taken into account in working out the amount of any capital gain or loss . The extent of the exemption for the period after the home was first used to produce income depends on the proportion of the home used to produce income. Example: Home first used to produce income after 20 August 1996 Louise purchased a home in December 1991 for $200,000. The home was her main residence. On 1 November 2001 she started to use 50% of the home for a consultancy business. At that time the market value of the house was $220,000. She decided to sell the property in August 2002 for $250,000. The capital gain is 50% of the proceeds less the cost base. Percentage of use X (proceeds – cost base) = capital gain 50% X ($250,000 – $220,000) = $15,000 Louise is taken to have acquired the property on 1 November 2001 at a cost of $220,000. Because she is taken to have acquired it at this time, Louise is taken to have owned it for less than 12 months and therefore cannot apply the indexation or discount method to calculate her capital gain.

Chinese Culture Essay -- Cultural Identity Essays

Throughout China's encased history it has developed much differently than western parts of the world. Chinese culture varies greatly compared to ours. These great differences between eastern culture and western culture make China a very interesting place. Some of the vast differences include literature, social structure, and government. The greatest difference is Chinese philosophy and way of thinking. China has developed a strict system of tradition that has given China great advantages and disadvantages. This is shown in Chinese literature. Tradition in China is a set of unwritten laws. This is why China turned its eyes from the outside world and looked in. China found everything it needed in Tradition (4). The strong traditions and customs play probably the greatest factor in the life of a Chinese person. This strict philosophy influences marriage, children, family, and duty in life. Marriage is much different and has different levels of companionship. One man may have many wives and or concubines. The status of these wives and concubines are very important. The lower you are on the husband's list the lower you were treated (1). When in a marriage if you were having children a son would be most desirable for you to have. You would be thought better of if you produced a son. This shows the male dominance in Chinese culture. Once a son was born the expectations for him were great. He was supposed to learn all great literature and be very scholarly (2). A girl, also was supp...

Portraying A Scene from Hamlet Essay

Hamlet the melancholy tale of the Prince of Denmark has some of the most difficult characters to portray on stage. Caught in the machinations of a scheming Claudius and a betraying mother, the dilemmas of Hamlet’s character are the result of his reflective nature rendering him susceptible to shifting moods (Shakespeare, 1982). Thus he may appear indecisive at times while rash and impulsive at others. Yet the key driver of the plot is the intrigues of Claudius the main antagonist who has acquired the throne of Denmark after death of his elder brother. Claudius has another lust that for Gertrude, Hamlet’s mother and very shrewdly exploits her weak character. The scheming of Claudius is central to this theme and Act I, Scene II is most elucidative in this respect. The Scene will connect with Act I, Scene I, where Hamlet’s friends have seen the ghost of his father looming in the darkness. Thus the lighting will have to denote a dark background initially increasing gradually as Claudius makes his entry into the court. Claudius is to be shown in a garrulous mood, indicating his triumph of claiming the throne as well as the hand of the Queen, Gertrude. His dress, demeanor and outlook will be positive and endearing to the audience. Gertrude on the other hand though dressed in regal clothes will denote a melancholy strain in her overall attire, voice and will be shown seeking reassurance in Claudius. Hamlet is still in mourning and his mood will be reflected in the dress to make it very obvious to the audience. The speech by Claudius to the courtiers will connect him with the audience. Thus all lights will have to be focused on him sitting on the throne which will be raised on a pedestal. Gertrude sitting beside him will be at a lower level and a third level will be made for Hamlet. The courtiers will be seated on each side in two to three rows leaving the central space for entry and exit. As Claudius explains to the courtiers the background of his decision to be crowned and marriage to Gertrude, the stage will be brightly lit and lights will on him and Gertrude, shifting focus based on emphasis of his speech. A huge pictorial of the kingdom of Denmark will be in the background, which will be computer simulated towards which the King will gesticulate while explaining his rationale of saving the country. Appropriate lighting from the rear will denote gloom as Claudius explains his reason and brightness after his ascending the throne. Hamlet will enter late in the Scene, slouching to his seat making his mood absolutely evident to the King as well as his mother. This will also set the stage for Claudius’s dialogue explaining his position. His proposal for celebrations and the King’s Rouse will be denoted through background sounds of festivity. As the King and Queen leave the stage, the lighting will be subtly subdued to represent the gloom in Hamlet’s mind. Against this low lights and sounds of celebrations in distance, the sorrow pervading Hamlet’s mind can be effectively portrayed. As Horatio enters, slowly Hamlet will return to reality and prospects of meeting his father’s soul will drive away his gloom. Here again the effects of lighting and sound will be used to accentuate the variation in disposition brought about after Horatio’s declaration of having seen the ghost. As Horatio explains this on the side wings, movement of a ghost will be shown with Hamlet attempting to contact it, thereby showing his attachment to his father’s spirit as well as a sign of hope. At this time the stage will be fully lit while the sound of celebrations in the distance will also increase to indicate that now Hamlet was also full of hope. Coming after this is Scene III which introduces, Hamlet’s love Ophelia. This is ideally situated by Shakespeare, creating anxiety in the audience and increasing hope in Hamlet before the play moves on to Scene IV where Hamlet actually goes in search of the spirit with Horatio. The impatience of the scheming Claudius, the failings of Gertrude and the dilemma of Hamlet in Act I Scene II, sets the stage for unfolding of the plot ahead. The portrayal has to denote transformation from the dark moments of the ghost of King Hamlet in Act I Scene I and the cheery atmosphere portrayed by Claudius leading to the King’s Rouse. To a modern audience, witness to breakdown of the institution of marriage, Claudius’s wedding to Gertrude so soon after the death of her previous husband may not appear as incredulous as it had been to the courtiers of Denmark. However still the depiction will have to be provided necessary back up through background sound, lights and skillful use of backdrop. Reference: 1. Shakespeare, William. (1982). Four Great Tragedies. Revised Edition. New York: Signet Classics.

Cost Club Week Essay

The issues against discharging an employee with any reason can be very harmful to any business. This opens the door for a lawsuit to any organization because, an ex-employee could file a lawsuit against the employer for alleging that they had been discharged wrongfully. The civil right law act in 1964 provides protection to the employees against wrongfully discharge. This describe that companies cannot terminate their employees basis of race, gender, skin, religion, color etc, (Employment law for business, 2007)†.) For example, if their at-will relationship exists between the employee and employer this does not mean that employer may terminate the employee, in a discriminatory manner. This mean the organization has to follow the legal principles before discharging their employee. There are so many laws that protect the individuals even though we are an, at- will state. The Federal anti-discrimination law prevents employees from wrongful discharge by the employer (Lawson, 1998)†. This scenario does not say that the employees were not let go due to the basis of any reason. This lawsuit against the organization for wrongful discharge could be very risky for the Cost Club since there were no reasons for terminating their employees. Reduction in Employee Costs There are many ways to reduce company cost. One thing a company can do is to outsource their HR. This will help reduce the cost of the employee benefits  program by bring in an outside company like GNA Partners. The GNA Partners have many ways to save the company money but, may bring cost to the workers. The GNA Partners provide negotiation insurance rates, which the plan cost are determined by what age group the employees fall into. Next the company can choose higher deductible plans, which this reduces, the cost of benefits plan. †¢ The business can offer robust benefits package by making their employees contribute. †¢ Using different types of workers like temporary workers, contract employee, part-time employees, employees and, non-employees work hours. These job types can be helpful to accomplish the seasonal demand of the organizations plus can cause the increase within the organizational performance. The organization knows all different categories of workers who can hire to save money for definite and indefinite period. Organization understands that temporary workers directly reports to the employer and receive their reimbursement from the company. When a company hires a contract employee, temporary and, part-time employee they know that they do not have to pay this employee benefits or high rates. Like vacation, sick, and part-time workers are usually define a workers, who have shorter working hours other fulltime workers. The rules, policies and, procedures for the part-time employee are not the same as the regular employees but quite different from the temporary workers† (Part Time and Temporary Employees, 2009). According to â€Å"Bennett-Alexander, & Hartman, â€Å"by hiring independent contractors, the cost of overtime is eliminated (the federal wage and hour laws do not apply to independent contractors) and the employer is able to avoid any work-related expenses, s uch as tools, training, or traveling. The employer is also guaranteed satisfactory performance of the job for which the contractor was hired because it is the contractor’s contractual obligation to adequately perform the contract with the employer, while the employee is generally able to quit without incurring liability (Employment law for business, 2007)†. For example, the company manage is an employees work who sets an employee’s schedule, along with deciding the method the employee uses to perform their work. An independent contractor is a person who provides particular services to an organization. Whether it be a short or long-term assignment. This is very effective low cost and saving the companying money because; temporary, contract or part-time employment arrangements provides several benefits to any business. Injury and Damages According to Tort Law, the Cost Club will be liable for the misconduct of employees with the customers. Tort laws are laws that offer remedies to individuals harmed by the unreasonable actions of others. Tort claims usually involve state law and are based on the legal premise that individuals are liable for the consequences of their conduct if it results in injury to others (McCarthy & Cambron-McCabe, 1992). Tort laws involve civil suits, which are actions brought to protect an individual’s private rights. The second situation, the employee is liable for physical harm to the customers’ property. Therefore, the company who hires the employee will be held liable for their employees negligent. The last situation, the business will not be liable for the acts of a real estate agent, because, the real estate agent is not controlled by the business. Therefore, the Cost Club should let their customers know they, are not responsible or that the real estate agent is an independent and organization contractors and that they have no control on his or her activities so, Cost Club will not be liable for the tort of him or her (Tort Liability Basics: Strict, Vicarious, and Joint Liability, 1999). Resolving Disagreement Processes Resolving disagreement between company and its employees, the can †¢ Set up a subject box  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Have a meeting once a week with the manager, and employees to discuss the problem that may arise between co-workers and managers. †¢ Includes third party as the mediator between employees and company. †¢ Grievance procedure, corporate due process, mediation etc., †¢ Clear as the formal complaint by the employees that they are behaved wrongly by the management decisions (Open door policy) These steps can be very effective to resolve between most companies’ problem. Which, if not settled could cause a big problem like violation of law, and just a perception of unfair treatment by the employees and managers. This method has to be effective in order to achieve long-term success and to facilitate and to accommodate between the employees and the company. Employment Law Concepts for Selection Employment law concepts for selection would include several legal implications. According to Bennett-Alexander, & Hartman, â€Å"the Civil Rights  Act 1964 prohibits the employers from discrimination among the potential employees on the basis of race, gender, color, region etc. in its recruitment and selection process. The next step is once the employee is hired, the company should make sure they follow steps are, training, appraising, compensating, and implementing employment decisions that determine such things as promotions, transfers, and layoffs† The selection procedure should also be job related and concern with the business necessity. The company should always follow the State HR Laws, and all the employees should be treated fairly and equally (Employment Tests and Selection Procedures, 2008). The Age Discrimination in Employment Act should also be considered in the selection procedure by the management. Reference: Beatty, J.F. & Samuelson, S.S. (2009). Introduction to Business Law (3rd ed.). Cengage Learning. Bennett-Alexander, D. D. & Hartman, P. L. (2007). Employment law for business (5th ed.). New York: McGraw–Hill. Retrieved October 29, 2012 from University of Phoenix, rEsource. Part Time and Temporary Employees. (2009). Retrieved October 29, 2012 from http://employment.findlaw.com/employment/employment-employee-overview/employment-

TV Essays

TV Essays TV Essay TV Essay TV Zoned Out Although the experiment of observing someone playing a video game and looking for behavioral changes was at first intriguing, I found the period of observation extremely uneventful. I suppose that is the purpose of these video games, to engage the players so much, their outside environment is completely ignored. I found this to especially true in smaller children. My first subject was my eight year old cousin. He loves his ninja games and will even show you his moves by literally acting out what he has learned while playing his games. He doesn?t do this in school or tries to attack anybody, he simply tries to impress us with elaborate leg and hand movements. He?s never been violent or gotten into trouble, on the contrary, he has told me stories about a one or two bullies at school who he was afraid of. I believe these ninja games help him feel confident in that he can stand up for himself without looking like a ?sissy? in front of his friends. What bothered me about his video playing is the extent to which his mind goes completely blank during the game. His mother would call him game, video, violent, games, school, playing, one, never, because, subject, hit, children, believe, my, violence, time, much, man, life, found, extremely, even, complete, been, actually, act, about, year, without, while, way, tries, smaller, simply, role

Photoelectric Effect and Einsteins 1921 Nobel Prize

Photoelectric Effect and Einsteins 1921 Nobel Prize The photoelectric effect posed a significant challenge to the study of optics in the latter portion of the 1800s. It challenged the classical wave theory of light, which was the prevailing theory of the time. It was the solution to this physics dilemma that catapulted Einstein into prominence in the physics community, ultimately earning him the 1921 Nobel Prize. What Is the Photoelectric Effect? Annalen der Physik When a light source (or, more generally, electromagnetic radiation) is incident upon a metallic surface, the surface can emit electrons. Electrons emitted in this fashion are called photoelectrons (although they are still just electrons). This is depicted in the image to the right. Setting Up the Photoelectric Effect By administering a negative voltage potential (the black box in the picture) to the collector, it takes more energy for the electrons to complete the journey and initiate the current. The point at which no electrons make it to the collector is called the stopping potential Vs, and can be used to determine the maximum kinetic energy Kmax of the electrons (which have electronic charge e) by using the following equation: Kmax eVs The Classical Wave Explanation Iwork function phiPhi Three main predictions come from this classical explanation: The intensity of the radiation should have a proportional relationship with the resulting maximum kinetic energy.The photoelectric effect should occur for any light, regardless of frequency or wavelength.There should be a delay on the order of seconds between the radiation’s contact with the metal and the initial release of photoelectrons. The Experimental Result The intensity of the light source had no effect on the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons.Below a certain frequency, the photoelectric effect does not occur at all.There is no significant delay (less than 10-9 s) between the light source activation and the emission of the first photoelectrons. As you can tell, these three results are the exact opposite of the wave theory predictions. Not only that, but they are all three completely counter-intuitive. Why would low-frequency light not trigger the photoelectric effect, since it still carries energy? How do the photoelectrons release so quickly? And, perhaps most curiously, why does adding more intensity not result in more energetic electron releases? Why does the wave theory fail so utterly in this case when it works so well in so many other situation Einstein's Wonderful Year Albert Einstein Annalen der Physik Building on Max Plancks blackbody radiation theory, Einstein proposed that radiation energy is not continuously distributed over the wavefront, but is instead localized in small bundles (later called photons). The photons energy would be associated with its frequency (ÃŽ ½), through a proportionality constant known as Plancks constant (h), or alternately, using the wavelength (ÃŽ ») and the speed of light (c): E hÃŽ ½ hc / ÃŽ » or the momentum equation: p h / ÃŽ » ÃŽ ½Ãâ€  If, however, there is excess energy, beyond φ, in the photon, the excess energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the electron: Kmax hÃŽ ½ - φ The maximum kinetic energy results when the least-tightly-bound electrons break free, but what about the most-tightly-bound ones; The ones in which there is just enough energy in the photon to knock it loose, but the kinetic energy that results in zero? Setting Kmax equal to zero for this cutoff frequency (ÃŽ ½c), we get: ÃŽ ½c φ / h or the cutoff wavelength: ÃŽ »c hc / φ After Einstein Most significantly, the photoelectric effect, and the photon theory it inspired, crushed the classical wave theory of light. Though no one could deny that light behaved as a wave, after Einsteins first paper, it was undeniable that it was also a particle.

NURSING RESEARCH LITERATURE ( REPORT) Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

NURSING LITERATURE ( REPORT) - Research Paper Example Those who satisfied above criteria were included; others were excluded. The inclusion criteria with cofacilitators focused on the diversity in their age and on their experience with SBSGs. Also on those who were enthusiastic about group and those who had reservations. Data saturation was reached when no new information was obtained. 2. What type of sampling design is this? Is the sampling design a probability or non-probability technique? This is a non-probability sampling design. This was a convenience sample in that it was readily available. There was little control/ limit over participants aside from assuring that they represented/ included certain criteria. 3. What was the sample size? Is this size adequate for the type of study (qualitative or quantitative)? What was the setting for the study? This was a qualitative study, which, generally, can have a smaller sample than a quantitative study. It, generally, tries to gather a sufficient number in order to achieve richness and depth. Its sample size here was 21 participants (7 males and 14 females). Sufficient for this type of study. The setting was two different high schools in a Midwest suburban area that featured students from middle and lower socio-economic backgrounds. administrators, school administrators, group cofacilitators, and participants (2) Participant observations that were conducted weekly at two high schools in the school district over one semester. (3) A focus group evaluation that was conducted at the conclusion of a support group held at one of the two high schools. (4) Written evaluations that were obtained at the final group session at both sites. The process: Initial interviews represented pertinent forms and documents being surveyed (for instance, the program manual, a set of minutes from a school counselor’s meeting, and group evaluations from one counselor.) Participants were observed for 4 hours. Observations included 5

Patient, Who is Dying of Leukemia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 15

Patient, Who is Dying of Leukemia - Essay Example This case relates to the ethics, which refers to application of values and moral rules to human activities. In order to determine whether the nurse was acting morally, there is a need to focus on the subsection of ethics, which are a part of applied ethics and the use of ethical principles in making a decision. In this case, ethics can be applied in seeking reasoned, consistent and defensible solutions to moral issues; thus, the Clinical bioethical reasoning is the primary base of the case. Moreover, the clinical practice depends of the general rules and case-based experiences, bioethical reasoning that relies on learned and accepted moral rules. Therefore, bioethical decisions are derived from manifestation and recognition of factors in a certain situation, which differentiates the cases. In the case, nurse L decided to share the information with the patient concerning the alternative therapies, but this was against the bioethical rules in the hospital. Therefore, nurse L was not mo rally correct because she fail to apply the Clinical bioethical reasoning by focusing on the rules as she made the decision of disclosing to the patient about alternative therapies. In this situation, nurse L was not obligated to make patient-centered, value-driven ethical decision; instead, she should have focused on the bioethical reasoning in relation to the morally accepted rules in the hospital. There are laws stems from legislative statues, administrative agency rules and court decisions, which varies in various ways and they are enforced by different jurisdiction.